What does deep diving physiology involve understanding?

Deep diving physiology primarily involves understanding how increased pressure affects the human body's functioning. As a diver descends deeper into the water, the pressure surrounding them increases significantly. This pressure can have various physiological effects on the body, including changes in breathing gas density, the behavior of gases in the body, and the impact on the circulatory system. Recognizing these effects is crucial for deep divers in order to manage risks such as decompression sickness and nitrogen narcosis, ensuring safe diving practices and effective handling of the physiological challenges posed by deeper environments.

The other options do not directly address the essential aspects of deep diving physiology; they either focus on alternate diving methods or experiences that do not involve the scientific understanding of pressure's impact on the body.