What can occur if divers ascend too quickly from a deep dive?

As divers ascend too quickly from a deep dive, the change in pressure can lead to the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the bloodstream, a condition known as decompression sickness or "the bends." During a deep dive, divers breathe compressed air, which increases the amount of nitrogen absorbed by their bodies. If they ascend too quickly, the decreased pressure does not allow nitrogen to safely leave the body, resulting in the formation of bubbles.

These nitrogen bubbles can cause various symptoms ranging from joint pain to severe neurological effects, depending on the severity of the condition. Safe ascent rates are crucial to allowing the body to off-gas the nitrogen absorbed during the dive gradually. Following appropriate dive tables or computer recommendations for ascent rates ensures the avoidance of these potentially dangerous complications.

The other options do not accurately describe the physiological effects of a rapid ascent from depth. Enhanced buoyancy is not a direct result of rapid ascent; rather, divers may experience uncontrolled buoyancy changes under rapid ascent. Similarly, improved air supply and faster clearance of pressure are not outcomes associated with ascending too quickly; they may imply a misunderstanding of dive physics and physiology.