How should divers manage their descent to prevent physical issues?

Descending slowly and equalizing pressure is crucial for divers to prevent physical issues, particularly barotrauma, which can occur when there is an imbalance of pressure between the inside of the body (especially in air-filled spaces like ears and sinuses) and the surrounding water pressure. As a diver descends, the pressure around them increases. If they do not equalize their pressure by performing skills such as pinching the nose and blowing gently (Valsalva maneuver) or using the Frenzel maneuver, they risk damaging their eardrums and sinuses, leading to severe pain or even injury.

Furthermore, a slow descent allows for better awareness of the underwater environment and the opportunity to monitor one's air supply and buoyancy. It also provides time to adjust to the pressure changes gradually, reducing the likelihood of disorientation or panic, which can occur during rapid descents. This careful management of descent not only helps to maintain safety but also enhances the overall diving experience.